BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to compare clinical outcomes of Erlotinib versus Gefitinib in the treatment of Asian patients with exon 19 EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma and newly diagnosed brain metastases.MethodsConsecutive Asian patients with exon 19 EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma and newly diagnosed brain metastases were identified and initially received peroral administration of 150mg/d erlotinib or 250mg/d gefitinib during 2009-2015. Overall survival (OS) was the primary endpoint. Progression-free survival (PFS) was the second endpoint.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 227 Asian patients (erlotinib-treated cohort: n=112, mean age=58.5years [SD: 20.13]; gefitinib-treated cohort: n=115, mean age=58.4years [SD: 19.52]). In a multivariate analysis controlling for age, sex and time span of smoking history, significant difference was detected in the 36-month OS between erlotinib and gefitinib groups (58.3% vs. 49.1%, p=0.012). There was also significant difference in the 36-month PFS between erlotinib and gefitinib groups (64% vs. 53%, p=0.013).ConclusionFor Asian patients with exon 19 EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma and brain metastases, erlotinib was associated with a significantly longer OS and a more prolonged PFS and compared with gefitinib.