We observed the effect of Cbfa1 on bone regeneration and microvessel density (MVD) in the process of avascular necrosis of femoral head (ANFH). Imageology and morphology were taken to verify the success of the ANFH models. Meanwhile, real-time PCR was performed to observe the dynamic expression of Cbfa1. The surface cartilage of the femoral head and the subchondral bone began to degenerate since 4 weeks post-operation; the femoral head cartilage progressively stripped and the subchondral bone necrosis increased with the time; a majority of the femoral head became necrosis, and even collapsed after 8 weeks post-operation. Different from imageology and morphology, the expression of Cbfa1 mRNA was enhanced in the 2nd week post-operation, and was continuously enhanced till the 6th week; then the expression reduced, but was still higher than normal level (P < 0.05). In the process of ANFH, the change of Cbfa1 mRNA expression is earlier than imageology and morphology, and continues to enhance during the process of ANFH, so the signal of bone regeneration starts in the early stage of avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Cbfa1 may be an important cell factor to participate and accommodate the reparation of ANFH.