In this study, two simultaneous MALI and Ugi polymerizations in one-pot was performed by combining binary amines, glutaraldehyde, mercaptoacetic acid and t-butylisonitrile into one four-component reaction system. The resulting poly(4-thiazolidinone-amide)s (PTZAs) contains both thiazolidinone rings from MALI reaction and amide/thiol groups from Ugi reaction, respectively. Unexpectedly, the strong fluorescence emission at 500 nm of PTZA-E solution is observed under the excitation of 378 nm, which is attributed to the intramolecular "aggregation" of thiazolidinone rings and amide/thiol groups. And also, PTZAs solution showed an excellent aggregation-induced emission (AIE) by the clusterization-triggered emission (CTE) mechanism when adding different amount of precipitant. More interestingly, Fe3+ ion violently quenched the fluorescence of PTZA-E via the redox reaction and spectrum overlaps, and the limit of detection (LOD) of PTZA-E to Fe3+ ion was measured as 10(-4) mol/L. In brief, the two simultaneous polymerizations in one pot provide a great possibility for the polymer with special structure and performance, also including the direct synthesis of AIE-active polymers from the accessible non-AIE monomers.