Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of medical chitosan in ophthalmic care in neurosurgery. Methods: Through a randomized controlled trial, 90 patients who were undergoing neurosurgery were randomly divided into three groups, with 30 cases in each group. Each group underwent a different type of eye care: Medical chitosan film, erythromycin eye ointment, or homemade eye patch. The occurrence of ocular complications, ocular symptom scores, and quality of life scores of the three groups were observed. Results: The complication rate of the medical chitosan group was significantly lower than that of the erythromycin eye ointment and the homemade eye patch group (P < 0.05). The ocular scores of the medical chitosan film group were significantly better than those of the erythromycin eye ointment and homemade eye protection patch group, and the difference between the medical chitosan film group and the other two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05) The quality-of-life score of the medical chitosan film group was significantly better than that of the erythromycin eye ointment and the homemade eye patch groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Medical chitosan film aids eye care in neurosurgery, so it is worth popularizing and applying.