Background: Patient safety is an important aspect of healthcare delivery and is critical to healthcare quality. An assessment of the attitudes of nursing staff in infectious diseases wards towards patient safety may identify deficiencies and allow for the development of educational programmes to train nursing staff to participate in good patient safety practices.Objective: To explore the current situation and influencing factors on nurses' attitudes towards patient safety in infectious diseases wards. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 446 nurses from infectious diseases wards in eight hospitals in the Hebei Province to participate in an electronic questionnaire survey from October to December 2020. The Chinese version of the safety attitude questionnaire was used to gather the opinions of these participants, and SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used to analyse the data. Results: The average score of safety attitudes towards patients was 3.59 +/- 0.30. The scores for each dimension, from high to low, were as follows: management perception: 3.77 +/- 0.42 points, pressure perception: 3.77 +/- 0.42 points, safety atmosphere: 3.57 +/- 0.43 points, job satisfaction: 3.57 +/- 0.43 points, teamwork: 3.55 +/- 0.50 points and working conditions: 3.50 +/- 0.45 points. The results of the multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the influential factors on nurses' attitudes towards patient safety in infectious diseases wards were as follows: night shift working (beta = 11.885, P = 0.000), years of nursing experience (beta = 2.862, P = 0.001), education level (beta = 4.462, P = 0.001) and marital status (beta = 3.871, P = 1.002), which together explained 33.5% of the total variance.Conclusion: Nurses' attitudes towards patient safety in infectious diseases wards were moderately high. Night shift work, years of nursing experience, education level and marital status affected nurses' attitudes towards patient safety. Managers should focus on these groups of nurses and improve their working conditions and job satisfaction to further enhance patient safety.